Yevgeny Miller

Yevgeny-Ludvig Karlovich Miller (Russian: Евгений-Людвиг Карлович Миллер;¹ 7 October [O.S. 25 September] 1867 – 11 May 1939) was a Russian general of Baltic German descent and one of the leaders of the anti-Communist White Army during the Russian Civil War. After the civil war, he lived in exile in France. Kidnapped by Soviet intelligence operatives in Paris in 1937, he was smuggled to the Soviet Union and executed in Moscow in 1939.

Early life

Miller was a career officer born to a Baltic German aristocratic family in Dünaburg (now Daugavpils, Latvia).² After he graduated from the General Staff Academy, he served with the Russian Imperial Guard. Between 1898 and 1907, he was a Russian military attaché in several European capitals, such as Rome, The Hague, and Brussels. During the First World War, he headed the Moscow Military District and the 26th Army Corps and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general.

Civil War

After the February Revolution of 1917, Miller opposed "democratization" of the Russian army and was arrested by his own soldiers after he ordered them to remove red armbands.

After the October Revolution of 1917, Miller fled to and was declared of Northern Russia. In May 1919, appointed him to replace in charge of the in the region. In Arkhangelsk, and , his anti-Bolshevik was supported by the , mostly forces. However, after an unsuccessful advance against the along the in the summer of 1919, British forces withdrew from the region, and Miller's men faced the enemy alone.