Hamengkubuwono I

Hamengkubuwono I, 1st Sri Sultan of Yogyakarta (Javanese script: ꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦏꦸꦧꦸꦮꦤꦆ, Bahasa Jawa: Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I), born Raden Mas Sujana (Kartasura, 16 August 1717 – Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta Sultanate 24 March 1792), was the first sultan of Yogyakarta. He reigned from 1755 to 1792. He has been elevated as a National Hero of Indonesia since 2006, because of his fight against the Dutch at that time and establishment of Yogyakarta.

Personal life

His senior queen consort, Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kencana, was a granddaughter of Pakubuwana I, through his son, Bendara Pangeran Harya Dipanegara of Madiun. The second queen consort, Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kadipaten, was a daughter of Kyai Ageng Drepayuda.¹ His concubine, Bendara Raden Ayu Dayaasmara, was a daughter of Ngabehi Kramaleksana, another concubine, Bendara Raden Ayu Turunsih, was his sister.

² Ratu Kencana's son, Raden Mas Entho, who was already installed as the Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Anom (Crown Prince) prior to the Giyanti Treaty, fell ill and shortly died after returning from a visit to Borobudur.³ The Kronik Suksesi Keraton Jawa 1755-1989 reported the visit took place in the late August 1758 where he was reportedly involved in relationship with Chinese lady which was considered highly inappropriate for a crown prince and angered his father. He was believed to died by food poisoning in the late month at the age of 19, although it's uncertain who ordered the poisoning. Some accounts attributed to his father, while the others to C. Donkel, the first VOC Resident of Yogyakarta. In 1758, Raden Mas Sundoro (the future ), a son born to Ratu Kadipaten, was underwent circumcision and appointed as new crown prince.