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Cho Byeong-sang

Cho Byeong-sang (曺秉相, Japanese name: Kayama Shigeru (夏山茂), February 16, 1891 – December 30, 1978) served as a member of the Chuwiwon (Central Advisory Council) of the Japanese Government-General of Korea during the Japanese colonial period. Together with Park Doo-young and Park Suk-yoon, he is know

Born~Died Feb 16, 1891 ~ Dec 30, 19780 views in 30 daysLast edited Oct 15, 2026, 2:51 PM

한국어 · 조병상

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Born ~ Died: Feb 16, 1891 ~ Dec 30, 1978
Term of office: May 20, 1918 – June 1, 1931
Monarch: Yoshihito (Japan), Hirohito (Japan)
Regent: Crown Prince Hirohito (former)
Governor-General: Hasegawa Yoshimichi (Japanese Governor-General of Korea), Saitō Makoto (Japanese Governor-General of Korea), Ugaki Kazushige (Acting Japanese Governor-General of Korea), Saitō Makoto (Japanese Governor-General of Korea), Yamanashi Hanzō (Japanese Governor-General of Korea), Saitō Makoto (Japanese Governor-General of Korea)
Prime Minister: Terauchi Masatake (Prime Minister of Japan), Hara Takashi (Prime Minister of Japan), Uchida Kōsai (Acting Prime Minister of Japan), Takahashi Korekiyo (Prime Minister of Japan), Yamamoto Gonnohyōe (Prime Minister of Japan), Katō Tomosaburō (Prime Minister of Japan), Uchida Kōsai (Acting Prime Minister of Japan), Yamamoto Gonnohyōe (Prime Minister of Japan), Kiyoura Keigo (Prime Minister of Japan), Katō Takaaki (Prime Mi
Date of birth: February 16, 1891
Place of birth: Joseon Hanseong-bu
Residence: Gyeongseong-bu during the Japanese colonial period
Date of death: December 30, 1978 (1978-12-30) (aged 87)
Place of death: Democratic People's Republic of Korea South Pyongan, Daedong
Education: Hanseong Sunrin Higher Commercial School
Career: Former member of the Chuwiwon of the Japanese Government-General of Korea; former Supreme Council member of the Korean Democratic Party (December 1945); former Standing Adviser of the Korean Democratic Party (February 1946)
Political party: Independent
Children: 2 sons

Contents

1.Biography
2.Posthumous
3.References
4.Footnotes

Cho Byeong-sang (曺秉相, Japanese name: Kayama Shigeru(夏山茂)¹, February 16, 1891 – December 30, 1978) served as a member of the Chuwiwon (Central Advisory Council) of the Japanese Government-General of Korea during the Japanese colonial period. Together with Park Doo-young and Park Suk-yoon, he is known for organizing the Minsaengdan in the wake of the Mukden Incident, which led to the Minsaengdan Incident.

Biography

After graduating from Sunrin Commercial School, he worked as a teacher at several schools before serving as a member of the Gyeongseong-bu Consultative Council and a member of the Gyeonggi Province Provincial Council. In 1936, he was appointed chief member of the Chuwiwon of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, was reappointed once, and remained in office until liberation in 1945.

Beginning with his joining the board of the Dongmin Association in 1924 and becoming a committee member of the Gapja Club the following year, he was active in various pro-Japanese organizations. His major career included serving on the board of the Joseon Volunteer Soldier Support Association in 1936, the board of the Korean National Total Mobilization Federation in 1940, a founding committee member of the Heunga Bogukdan in 1942, a board member of the Joseon Imjeon Bogukdan, an auditor of the Joseon Food Rationing Corporation in 1943, and a board member of the Daehwa Alliance in 1945.

During the Pacific War, he urged war support, contributed articles, and took part in regional lecture tours to deliver wartime speeches. In September 1942, he was appointed head of the Jongno-gu Civil Defense Corps, an organization established for wartime emergency mobilization. There is also a record that in 1944 he participated as a board member, alongside Kim Dong-hwan and Son Yeong-mok, in the Kukmin Dongwon Chonghwehoe, an official-backed organization founded under the leadership of Yi Seong-hwan.²

For Cho Byeong-sang's activities, which were based on the ideals of Naisen ittai and anti-communism, the Japanese government awarded him the Showa Taiten Commemorative Medal and others. In 1940, for the 2600th anniversary celebration of Kigensetsu, it included Son Yeong-mok among about 300 Koreans invited.³

In particular, during the Pacific War, after sending his eldest son as a volunteer soldier and his second son as a student soldier, he told the Maeil Sinbo in an interview that the implementation of the student special volunteer system would serve as a yardstick for measuring the patriotism of the upper classes, and he encouraged war support. He also personally went to comfort the Imperial Japanese Army in northern China, including Beijing.

After liberation, his application for a Japanese travel permit was reported in the press,⁴ drawing attention to him as a "major pro-Japanese collaborator." When the Special Act on the Punishment of Pro-Japanese Acts was enacted, he was arrested and investigated in 1949. At the Special Tribunal, he was sentenced to seven years in prison, and was then sentenced to one year and six months in prison.⁵

During the Korean War, he went missing and is presumed to have been abducted to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.⁶

Posthumous

He was included in the Chuwiwon and other categories of the List of 708 Pro-Japanese Collaborators published in 2002, and in the two categories of the Chuwiwon and pro-Japanese organizations in the List of Prospective Entries in the Dictionary of Pro-Japanese Collaborators by the Minjok Munje Research Institute made public in 2008. He was also included in the List of 705 Pro-Japanese Collaborators published in 2009 by the Committee for the Investigation of Pro-Japanese Collaboration.

Kim Il Sung, who personally experienced the Minsaengdan Incident in Manchuria, evaluated Cho Byeong-sang in his memoir With the Century, together with Park Suk-yoon, Jeon Seong-ho, and Kim Dong-han, as "nationalists and revolutionaries who cried out for love of the nation and people, but who without exception were traitors whom the Japanese had long ago groomed and conditioned."⁷

References

National Institute of Korean History - Cho Byeong-sang (曺秉相)
Special Committee for Investigation of Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration, 〈Interrogation Record of the Suspect - Cho Byeong-sang〉 (1) (2) (3) (February 1949)
Han Hong-gu (October 9, 2002). “[Han Hong-gu's Historical Stories] Is the Ivory Tower a Tower of Military Service Corruption?”. Hankyoreh 21. Archived from the original document on March 23, 2005. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
Kim Sang-il (November 9, 2007). “Behold this man walking the Golgotha hill of Wangching carrying the cross of 'Minsaengdan'! - Professor Kim Sang-il's Juche Idea Tour through With the Century ⑦”. Tongil News. Retrieved December 9, 2007.

Footnotes

Investigator Yang Hoe-yeong of the Special Committee for Investigation of Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration, 〈Record of Acts - Cho Byeong-sang〉 (February 24, 1949) ↩
Jeon Gap-saeng (August 30, 2003). “Son Yeong-mok, 'pro-Japanese collaborator who actively urged the completion of the holy war' - from a provincial clerk in South Gyeongsang to governor and senior official of the conscription support association, a pro-Japanese civil servant”. OhmyNews. Retrieved December 9, 2007. ↩
Jeong Un-hyeon (March 8, 2002). “The 'loyal' pro-Japanese Koreans invited to Japan's version of Gaecheonjeol, 'Kigensetsu' - [Special Feature 2] Pro-Japanese figures featured in the excavated material <Kwangyeongnok>”. OhmyNews. Retrieved July 1, 2008. ↩
“Major pro-Japanese collaborator Cho Byeong-sang applies for a Japan travel permit from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs”. Hansung Ilbo. September 17, 1948. ↩
“Special Tribunal for Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration sentences Cho Byeong-sang to one year and six months in prison”. Kyunghyang Shinmun. August 17, 1949. ↩
“Cho Byeong-sang”. Korean War Abductees Research Center. Retrieved September 11, 2008. ↩
Kim Il Sung (1992). 〈Part 1, Anti-Japanese Revolution, Chapter 10, Embracing the Conviction of Independence - 1. Fierce Whirlwind〉. With the Century. Pyongyang: Chosun Workers' Party Publishing House. ↩

Biography

During the Pacific War, he urged war support, contributed articles, and took part in regional lecture tours to deliver wartime speeches. In September 1942, he was appointed head of the Civil Defense Corps, an organization established for wartime emergency mobilization. There is also a record that in 1944 he participated as a board member, alongside and , in the , an official-backed organization founded under the leadership of .

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Investigator Yang Hoe-yeong of the Special Committee for Investigation of Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration, 〈Record of Acts - Cho Byeong-sang〉 (February 24, 1949) ↩
Jeon Gap-saeng (August 30, 2003). “Son Yeong-mok, 'pro-Japanese collaborator who actively urged the completion of the holy war' - from a provincial clerk in South Gyeongsang to governor and senior official of the conscription support association, a pro-Japanese civil servant”. OhmyNews. Retrieved December 9, 2007. ↩
Jeong Un-hyeon (March 8, 2002). “The 'loyal' pro-Japanese Koreans invited to Japan's version of Gaecheonjeol, 'Kigensetsu' - [Special Feature 2] Pro-Japanese figures featured in the excavated material <Kwangyeongnok>”. OhmyNews. Retrieved July 1, 2008. ↩
“Major pro-Japanese collaborator Cho Byeong-sang applies for a Japan travel permit from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs”. Hansung Ilbo. September 17, 1948. ↩
“Special Tribunal for Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration sentences Cho Byeong-sang to one year and six months in prison”. Kyunghyang Shinmun. August 17, 1949. ↩
“Cho Byeong-sang”. Korean War Abductees Research Center. Retrieved September 11, 2008. ↩
Kim Il Sung (1992). 〈Part 1, Anti-Japanese Revolution, Chapter 10, Embracing the Conviction of Independence - 1. Fierce Whirlwind〉. With the Century. Pyongyang: Chosun Workers' Party Publishing House. ↩

Investigator Yang Hoe-yeong of the Special Committee for Investigation of Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration, 〈Record of Acts - Cho Byeong-sang〉 (February 24, 1949) ↩
Jeon Gap-saeng (August 30, 2003). “Son Yeong-mok, 'pro-Japanese collaborator who actively urged the completion of the holy war' - from a provincial clerk in South Gyeongsang to governor and senior official of the conscription support association, a pro-Japanese civil servant”. OhmyNews. Retrieved December 9, 2007. ↩
Jeong Un-hyeon (March 8, 2002). “The 'loyal' pro-Japanese Koreans invited to Japan's version of Gaecheonjeol, 'Kigensetsu' - [Special Feature 2] Pro-Japanese figures featured in the excavated material <Kwangyeongnok>”. OhmyNews. Retrieved July 1, 2008. ↩
“Major pro-Japanese collaborator Cho Byeong-sang applies for a Japan travel permit from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs”. Hansung Ilbo. September 17, 1948. ↩
“Special Tribunal for Acts of Pro-Japanese Collaboration sentences Cho Byeong-sang to one year and six months in prison”. Kyunghyang Shinmun. August 17, 1949. ↩
“Cho Byeong-sang”. Korean War Abductees Research Center. Retrieved September 11, 2008. ↩
Kim Il Sung (1992). 〈Part 1, Anti-Japanese Revolution, Chapter 10, Embracing the Conviction of Independence - 1. Fierce Whirlwind〉. With the Century. Pyongyang: Chosun Workers' Party Publishing House. ↩

Cho Byeong-sang

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